TB PCR test on endometrial tissue
Quick answer: This test checks a sample of the uterus lining (endometrium) for the genetic material of the tuberculosis germ, to look for genital tuberculosis. Doctors order it in women with infertility, especially with blocked tubes, a thin lining, scanty periods or repeated IVF failure, as genital TB is a known cause of infertility in India.
- SampleTissue
- TakesAbout 10 to 15 minutes for the biopsy
- Before the testThe sample is taken by endometrial biopsy, often in the second half of the cycle, and your doctor will tell you how to prepare.
- In fertility careGenital tuberculosis can damage the tubes and uterus lining, so finding and treating it matters before fertility treatment.
How the test is done
- 1You lie on your back with knees bent and apart, as for a Pap smear
- 2A speculum is placed and the cervix is cleaned
- 3A thin tube is passed through the cervix to take a small sample of the lining
- 4You may feel strong period-like cramps for a short time
- 5The tissue is sent to the lab, where it is tested for TB genetic material
What your results can mean
Reading your report
A positive result is read with other tests and your symptoms, as PCR can sometimes be falsely positive; your doctor will decide whether treatment is needed.
If the result is outside the usual range
A positive result means TB genetic material was found in the lining, which can point to genital tuberculosis but can also be a false positive. A negative result makes active TB in the sample less likely, but genital TB can still be present elsewhere in the pelvis.
Who usually has this test
Women with infertility, especially with blocked tubes, a thin lining, scanty periods, repeated IVF failure or a past TB history.
Risks and aftercare
Cramping and light bleeding for a day or two are common; contact a doctor for fever, heavy bleeding or foul-smelling discharge.
Names and options
Also called: endometrial TB PCR, genital TB test, GeneXpert endometrium, TB PCR endometrium
Listed by the hospital as
- TB PCR ENDOMETRIUM
Where this test fits in fertility care
- 1Fertility work-up
- 2Screening before IVF or IUI
- 3During treatment
- 4After embryo transfer
- 5Pregnancy check-ups
- 6If treatment has not workedThis test
The usual order. See every test at each stage →
Questions about this test
Can genital TB cause infertility?
Yes, genital tuberculosis can damage the fallopian tubes and the lining of the uterus, which can cause infertility. It often has no clear symptoms, so doctors may test for it during a fertility work-up.
Is a positive TB PCR enough to start TB treatment?
Not always. PCR can sometimes give a positive result without active disease, so doctors usually look at it together with other tests, such as culture, histopathology and scan findings, before advising treatment.
Is the endometrial biopsy for TB PCR painful?
Most women feel strong cramps for a short time while the sample is taken. Your doctor may suggest pain relief beforehand.
Related tests
Tamara Hospital & IVF Centre, Rajajinagar
34/3, 10th Cross Road, opp. Vardhaka Sardar Patel School, 1st N Block, 2nd Stage, Rajajinagar, Bengaluru 560010
The hospital is open 24 hours. Call before you come to check the timing for your scan or sample collection.
Get directions ↗IVF Pulse fertility care at Tamara Hospital →
Reception
Waiting area
IVF lab
This page explains each test in general terms so you know what to expect. It is not medical advice: your doctor decides which tests you need and what your results mean. Reference ranges differ between laboratories. Updated 4 November 2026.