NMP22 bladder test (urine)
Quick answer: The NMP22 test measures nuclear matrix protein 22 in urine, a protein that can be raised in bladder cancer. It may be used alongside cystoscopy to help check for bladder cancer or its return; it is not used on its own to diagnose.
- SampleUrine
- TakesA few minutes to give the sample
- Before the testNo special preparation is usually needed.
How the test is done
- 1You give a urine sample in the container provided
- 2The lab may ask for urine from a particular time of day
- 3A lab test or kit measures NMP22 protein in the urine
- 4The result is reported as positive or negative, or as a level
What your results can mean
Reading your report
Infection, stones or recent procedures can raise the result, so your doctor will read it with other tests.
If the result is outside the usual range
A raised NMP22 can be seen with bladder cancer, but also with urine infection, stones, recent procedures or blood in the urine. A negative result does not rule out bladder cancer, so it is used together with cystoscopy, not instead of it.
Who usually has this test
People with blood in their urine, or with past bladder cancer being checked for a return, at a urologist's request.
Risks and aftercare
There are no risks; you may still be advised to have a cystoscopy.
Names and options
Also called: NMP22, BladderChek, nuclear matrix protein 22
Listed by the hospital as
- NMP 22 BLADDER CHECK, URINE
Questions about this test
Can NMP22 replace a cystoscopy?
No. It is an extra test that can support decisions, but a camera test of the bladder (cystoscopy) remains the main way to look for bladder cancer.
What can cause a false positive NMP22?
Infection, stones, inflammation, recent catheters or blood in the urine can raise it. Your doctor will read the result with these factors in mind.
Who should have an NMP22 test?
It is mainly used for people with blood in their urine or a history of bladder cancer. It is not a general screening test for healthy people.
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This page explains each test in general terms so you know what to expect. It is not medical advice: your doctor decides which tests you need and what your results mean. Reference ranges differ between laboratories. Updated 4 November 2026.