BCR-ABL (Philadelphia chromosome) PCR test
Quick answer: This blood test uses PCR to look for the BCR-ABL gene change, which is created by the Philadelphia chromosome. Doctors usually order it to diagnose chronic myeloid leukaemia and some acute leukaemias, and to monitor response to treatment.
- SampleBlood
- TakesAbout 5 minutes
- Before the testNo special preparation is usually needed.
How the test is done
- 1A nurse checks your name and the haematologist's request
- 2A vein in your arm is cleaned
- 3Blood is drawn into a special tube for genetic testing
- 4The lab extracts RNA and uses PCR to look for BCR-ABL
What your results can mean
Reading your report
Results are reported as detected or not detected, or as a level for monitoring; your haematologist explains what it means for you.
If the result is outside the usual range
A detected result can point to chronic myeloid leukaemia or some acute leukaemias. In people on treatment, a falling level shows response and a rising level may need a change in plan.
Who usually has this test
People with a very high white cell count or enlarged spleen, and people with chronic myeloid leukaemia who need regular monitoring.
Risks and aftercare
You may have a small bruise; keep taking your medicines as prescribed between monitoring tests.
Names and options
Also called: BCR-ABL, Philadelphia chromosome test, BCR-ABL1 PCR, CML test
Listed by the hospital as
- BCR-ABL (PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME), REAL TIME PCR
Questions about this test
What is the Philadelphia chromosome?
It is a swap of genetic material between chromosomes 9 and 22 in blood-forming cells. It creates the BCR-ABL gene, which drives chronic myeloid leukaemia.
What does major molecular response mean?
It means the BCR-ABL level has fallen to a very low point on the international scale. Reaching it is a common treatment goal in chronic myeloid leukaemia.
Can people with CML plan a pregnancy?
Some can, with careful planning, because certain CML medicines are not safe in pregnancy. Never stop treatment on your own; discuss plans with your haematologist first.
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Tamara Hospital & IVF Centre, Rajajinagar
34/3, 10th Cross Road, opp. Vardhaka Sardar Patel School, 1st N Block, 2nd Stage, Rajajinagar, Bengaluru 560010
The hospital is open 24 hours. Call before you come to check the timing for your scan or sample collection.
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This page explains each test in general terms so you know what to expect. It is not medical advice: your doctor decides which tests you need and what your results mean. Reference ranges differ between laboratories. Updated 4 November 2026.