Thumb X-ray
Quick answer: A thumb X-ray shows the bones and joints of the thumb from the front and side. Doctors usually order it after a thumb injury or for thumb pain and swelling, including joint wear at the base of the thumb.
- SampleImaging (no sample)
- TakesAbout 5 minutes
- Before the testNo special preparation is usually needed, but remove metal items from the area and tell staff if you might be pregnant.
How the test is done
- 1You take off rings and watch
- 2You sit beside the table and rest your hand on the plate
- 3For the front view your hand is turned so the back of the thumb touches the plate
- 4For the side view the thumb is laid on its edge
What your results can mean
Reading your report
A radiologist reports on the images, and your doctor will explain what the findings mean for you.
If the result is outside the usual range
A thumb X-ray can show a fracture, often at the base of the thumb, a dislocated joint, a small bone fragment where a ligament tore away, or arthritis at the base of the thumb.
Who usually has this test
People who have fallen with the thumb bent back, have pain at the base of the thumb, or have trouble gripping or pinching.
Risks and aftercare
Turning the hand can be awkward if it is swollen, but the picture is not felt; the radiation is very low, and tell staff if you might be pregnant.
Names and options
Also called: X-ray thumb
Listed by the hospital as
- THUMB AP, LAT DIGITAL X-RAY
Questions about this test
What is skier's thumb, and can an X-ray show it?
Skier's thumb is an injury to the ligament on the inner side of the thumb's middle joint. An X-ray can show a bone fragment pulled off with the ligament, but the ligament itself needs an ultrasound or MRI.
Can a thumb X-ray show arthritis at the base of the thumb?
Yes, narrowing of the joint space and bony spurs at the base of the thumb are common signs of wear. It is a frequent cause of pain when opening jars or turning keys.
Why is a thumb X-ray separate from a hand X-ray?
The thumb sits at an angle to the hand, so on a hand X-ray it is seen from the side. A dedicated thumb view lines it up properly.
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This page explains each test in general terms so you know what to expect. It is not medical advice: your doctor decides which tests you need and what your results mean. Reference ranges differ between laboratories. Updated 4 November 2026.