Kidney function test (RFT / KFT)
Quick answer: A kidney function test is a group of blood tests, usually including urea, creatinine and electrolytes, that shows how well your kidneys are filtering waste. It is ordered in routine check-ups, for diabetes or high blood pressure, before some medicines or procedures, and when kidney problems are suspected.
- SampleBlood
- TakesAbout 5 minutes
- Before the testNo special preparation is usually needed.
How the test is done
- 1You sit down and roll up your sleeve
- 2A tourniquet is tied on your upper arm to make the vein easier to find
- 3Blood is drawn from a vein into one or two tubes
- 4The tourniquet is removed and you press cotton on the spot for a minute
What your results can mean
Reading your report
Normal ranges differ between labs, so compare your result with the range printed on your report and discuss it with your doctor.
If the result is outside the usual range
High urea or creatinine can be seen with reduced kidney function, dehydration, a blocked urine flow or some medicines. Abnormal sodium or potassium can point to fluid loss, kidney problems or medicine effects.
Who usually has this test
People with diabetes or high blood pressure, those on long-term medicines that affect the kidneys, people before surgery or scans with contrast, and anyone with swelling or changes in urine.
Risks and aftercare
Apart from possible minor bruising at the needle site, there is nothing special to do afterwards.
Names and options
Also called: RFT, KFT, renal profile, kidney profile
Options
- RFT
- KFT (RP 1)
Listed by the hospital as
- RENAL FUNCTION TEST (RP 1)
- RENAL FUNCTION TEST
Questions about this test
What tests are included in a kidney function test?
Most kidney function tests include blood urea, creatinine and electrolytes such as sodium and potassium. Some labs also add uric acid, calcium, phosphorus or an estimated GFR worked out from creatinine. Ask the hospital which tests their RFT or KFT covers.
What is eGFR on a kidney report?
eGFR stands for estimated glomerular filtration rate. It is calculated from your creatinine, age and sex to estimate how much blood your kidneys filter each minute. A lower eGFR suggests reduced kidney function and is usually rechecked to confirm.
Can dehydration affect a kidney function test?
Yes. Not drinking enough, vomiting or diarrhoea can raise urea and sometimes creatinine for a short time. Your doctor may repeat the test once you are well hydrated.
Related tests
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This page explains each test in general terms so you know what to expect. It is not medical advice: your doctor decides which tests you need and what your results mean. Reference ranges differ between laboratories. Updated 4 November 2026.