CSF immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM, gamma globulin)
Quick answer: This test measures antibodies (immunoglobulins) in the fluid around the brain and spinal cord (CSF). Doctors use it to look for inflammation or infection of the nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis or meningitis.
- SampleFluid
- TakesAbout 20 to 40 minutes for the lumbar puncture
- Before the testCSF is collected by your doctor through a lumbar puncture; you will be told how to prepare.
How the test is done
- 1You lie on your side, curled up, or sit leaning forward
- 2The lower back is cleaned and numbed with local anaesthetic
- 3A thin needle collects a small amount of fluid from the spinal canal
- 4A blood sample is often taken at the same time to compare
What your results can mean
Reading your report
CSF results are often compared with blood levels, so discuss them with your doctor.
If the result is outside the usual range
Raised antibodies in CSF can be seen with multiple sclerosis, infections such as meningitis or other inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. Comparing with blood shows whether antibodies are made inside the nervous system.
Who usually has this test
People with possible multiple sclerosis, meningitis or other inflammation of the brain or nerves.
Risks and aftercare
You may be asked to rest and drink fluids afterwards; a headache or back soreness can happen and usually settles.
Names and options
Also called: CSF IgG, CSF IgA, CSF IgM, CSF gamma globulin
Options
- Gamma globulin
- IgA
- IgG
- IgM
Listed by the hospital as
- GAMMA GLOBULIN, CSF
- IGA, CSF
- IGG, CSF
- IGM, CSF
Questions about this test
What is the IgG index?
It compares IgG and albumin in CSF and blood. A raised index suggests antibodies are being made inside the brain and spinal cord.
Is a lumbar puncture risky?
It is a common procedure. Headache is the most frequent side effect, and serious problems are uncommon. Your doctor will explain the risks.
Why is a blood sample taken at the same time?
Antibodies can pass from blood into CSF. Comparing the two helps show what is made within the nervous system.
Related tests
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This page explains each test in general terms so you know what to expect. It is not medical advice: your doctor decides which tests you need and what your results mean. Reference ranges differ between laboratories. Updated 4 November 2026.