Bone marrow study
Quick answer: A bone marrow study examines a sample of marrow, the soft tissue inside bones where blood cells are made, under a microscope. It is used to find the cause of unexplained abnormal blood counts and to diagnose or follow conditions such as leukaemia.
- SampleBone marrow
- TakesAbout 20 to 30 minutes
- Before the testThe sample is taken by a doctor, usually from the hip bone under local anaesthetic; they will explain any preparation.
How the test is done
- 1You lie on your side or front, and the skin over the hip bone is cleaned
- 2A local anaesthetic numbs the skin and bone surface
- 3A needle draws liquid marrow, then a small core of bone may be taken
- 4A dressing is applied and you rest for a short while
What your results can mean
Reading your report
A haematologist will explain the findings and any next steps with you.
If the result is outside the usual range
The study can show leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloma, marrow failure, infection, or the cause of unexplained low or high blood counts. A normal marrow can help rule out these causes.
Who usually has this test
People with unexplained abnormal blood counts or suspected blood cancers, and for follow-up of known blood conditions.
Risks and aftercare
The site may be sore for a few days; keep the dressing dry and report bleeding, fever or worsening pain.
Names and options
Also called: bone marrow aspiration, bone marrow biopsy, BM study
Listed by the hospital as
- BONE MARROW STUDY
Questions about this test
Is a bone marrow test painful?
The numbing injection stings, and you may feel pressure or a brief sharp pain when marrow is drawn. Pain relief, and sometimes sedation, is offered.
Where is the bone marrow sample taken from?
Usually from the back of the hip bone. Rarely, the breastbone is used in adults.
Can I go home the same day?
Usually yes, after a short rest. Arrange for someone to take you home if you are given sedation.
Related tests
Tamara Hospital & IVF Centre, Rajajinagar
34/3, 10th Cross Road, opp. Vardhaka Sardar Patel School, 1st N Block, 2nd Stage, Rajajinagar, Bengaluru 560010
The hospital is open 24 hours. Call before you come to check the timing for your scan or sample collection.
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This page explains each test in general terms so you know what to expect. It is not medical advice: your doctor decides which tests you need and what your results mean. Reference ranges differ between laboratories. Updated 4 November 2026.