Semen analysis (WHO 6th edition)
Quick answer: A semen analysis checks a semen sample for volume, sperm count, movement (motility), shape (morphology) and other features such as pH. It is a core test when a couple is trying to conceive, and is also used to confirm success after a vasectomy.
- SampleSemen
- TakesAbout 10 to 20 minutes to collect the sample
- Before the testUsually 2 to 7 days without ejaculation is advised; collect the sample by masturbation into the sterile container given and follow the lab's instructions.
- In fertility careSemen analysis is one of the first tests in a fertility work-up, because a male factor is involved in around half of couples who have trouble conceiving.
How the test is done
- 1You avoid ejaculation for 2 to 7 days before the test
- 2You collect the sample by masturbation into a sterile container, without lubricant or saliva
- 3You make sure the whole sample goes in, as the first part is richest in sperm
- 4The lab lets the sample liquefy, then checks volume, pH, count, movement and shape
What your results can mean
Reading your report
This test is listed under the WHO laboratory manual for the examination of human semen, 6th edition (2021), whose reference values are used to read results; an abnormal result is usually repeated, so discuss it with your doctor.
If the result is outside the usual range
A low count, poor movement or more abnormal shapes can be seen with varicocele, infection, hormone problems, heat, smoking, a recent fever or genetic causes. No sperm at all (azoospermia) can point to a blockage or a problem with sperm production.
Who usually has this test
Male partners of couples trying to conceive for about a year, or six months if the woman is 35 or older, and men after a vasectomy.
Risks and aftercare
There are no risks; tell the staff if any part of the sample was spilled or missed.
Names and options
Also called: semen test, sperm count test, seminogram, sperm test, SA
Listed by the hospital as
- SEMEN ANALYSIS (WHO 6th guidelines)
Where this test fits in fertility care
- 1Fertility work-upThis test
- 2Screening before IVF or IUI
- 3During treatment
- 4After embryo transfer
- 5Pregnancy check-ups
- 6If treatment has not worked
The usual order. See every test at each stage →
Questions about this test
How many days of abstinence are needed before a semen analysis?
The WHO manual advises 2 to 7 days without ejaculation before the test. A gap that is too short or too long can affect the count and movement. Your lab will give you its exact instructions.
What does 'WHO 6th edition' mean on a semen report?
It refers to the WHO laboratory manual for the examination of human semen, published in 2021, which sets out how labs should test semen. Its reference values come from men whose partners conceived within a year. A result below these values does not mean you cannot father a child, so discuss it with your doctor.
Why might a semen analysis need to be repeated?
Sperm counts vary naturally from one sample to the next, and a fever or illness can lower them for weeks. Doctors often repeat an abnormal result, sometimes after about three months, before drawing conclusions.
Related tests
Tamara Hospital & IVF Centre, Rajajinagar
34/3, 10th Cross Road, opp. Vardhaka Sardar Patel School, 1st N Block, 2nd Stage, Rajajinagar, Bengaluru 560010
The hospital is open 24 hours. Call before you come to check the timing for your scan or sample collection.
Get directions ↗IVF Pulse fertility care at Tamara Hospital →
Reception
Waiting area
IVF lab
This page explains each test in general terms so you know what to expect. It is not medical advice: your doctor decides which tests you need and what your results mean. Reference ranges differ between laboratories. Updated 4 November 2026.